The way a woman responds after being wronged may reveal whether narcissistic traits are hiding beneath the surface.
A new study suggests the telltale sign is not an explosive act of revenge, but a quieter and more automatic reaction.
Researchers found that women with stronger links to hostile narcissism were more likely to shut out the person who hurt them and withhold goodwill.
Known as antagonistic narcissism, this personality pattern combines an inflated sense of self-importance with combative, aggressive and distrustful behavior.
Despite those traits being associated with hostility and vengefulness, the women were no more likely to seek revenge.
Crucially, the pattern appeared in
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