Hill explains that research has moved through probiotics (live bacteria), and prebiotics (which feed existing microbes) to postbiotics — a natural progression. Crucially, “mechanisms may be bacterial strain specific”, says Hill, “so you have to use the one with demonstrated efficacy in the specific area you are looking to address”. In terms of proven benefits, he is circumspect, though points out, “there is good evidence for certain postbiotics in metabolic syndrome, a chronic condition that affects a significant part of the population”.
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